wholesale teenage fashion jewelry What baby is there in the Forbidden City of Beijing

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    celebrity imitation jewelry wholesale The Palace Museum was formally established in 1925 to the south of the cultural relics in January 1933. The inventory hidden a large number of cultural and artistic treasures and palace historical relics. There are more than 36,000 volumes of the "Four Books" of the Pavilion, as well as the manuscripts and tens of thousands of books at home and abroad. Tens of tens of thousands of precious historical materials hidden in Qianqing Palace, actual records, and emperor history. There are more than 8,000 pieces of calligraphy and painting in the two places of Zhai Palace and Zhongzi Palace. There are tens of thousands of bronze, hundreds of thousands of ceramics, tens of thousands of jade articles, carved lacquer, cloisonne, bamboo, wood, tooth carving, ancient 砚, pen and ink and other arts and crafts. A palace that collects ancient Chinese cultural relics and artworks. These national treasures are exquisite and valuable.
    The British and French coalition forces burned the Yuanmingyuan in history, causing irreparable losses to Chinese cultural relics. Cultural relics are in danger of being burned or robbed in war. The difficulty of the rare treasures of the world can be imagined, not to mention the fire at the time.
    In September 1931, the "September 18th" incident in the Northeast. Everyone understands that Japan's ambitions want to occupy the Northeast first and then invade south. If there is a war in Pingjin, these national treasures in the Forbidden City will be very dangerous. Essence The authorities believe that the cultural relics should be relocated to a safe zone, and now they should be prepared for the box. Later, the Palace Museum mobilized up and down, and began to choose cultural relics and concentrated boxing. The original plan was to buy the old wooden box of paper cigarettes; cotton could use black cotton, which were those old cotton clothes and quilts. Once cotton. My colleagues have not packed the box. I am afraid that if it is not well installed, it will be broken after being transported. How can I explain it? Still find a worker specializing in exported cultural relics in antiques. It is more assured. Who knows these ideas have problems. First of all, the old boxes of those cigarettes are very thin. After the cultural relics are installed, they are always shaking, which is quite dangerous. Second, the old cotton is no longer flexible. Can you bring your baby? Third, those boxed workers who invited them were here with the posture of experts, with high salary, and often talked with libraries with lessons. Later, Dean Ma Heng obeyed everyone's opinions, used the old box to install books and files, and stipulated that the size of the new box was determined to be three feet long and one foot and five inches high in height. The cotton is switched to the new cotton, and the box workers will be dismissed and they are packed by themselves. In practice, everyone explored some methods, mainly a "tight" word. The porcelain presented by Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, was transported with wooden barrels, and 10 bowls were tightened with grass to become a whole. Put it in the barrel, between each bundle, and separate them with a grain shell, tightly, so that they do not loosen and transport them to the porcelain where Peiping go. In the packaging, the employees separate each piece of porcelain with cotton, bandage them, and put it in the box tightly, and they will not be broken.
    In January 1933, the Japanese army entered Shanhaiguan, and the situation facing North China was dangerous. Rental warehouse. The National Government instructed the Peiping Municipal Government and the transportation department to assist the Forbidden City to complete the cultural relics southward plan. It is reasonable to say that the movement of the cultural relics south has become logical. In fact, the movement of the relocation of the Forbidden City's cultural relics south has caused different response from the society. Some people support and some people strongly oppose it. Opponents believe that the enemy is at present, the relocation of cultural relics south will shake the people's hearts, causing social anxiety, and the scattered antiques cannot be reunited, and the southward will cause the cultural relics to be dispersed. Lu Xun's essays also commented on this, and the move was boiling in the domestic cultural community. At that time, the opposition headed by Zhou Zhaoxiang set up a Beiping City Civil Antipate Association in Zhongnanhai. Zhou Zi served as Chairman of the President. He powered the nation's opposition to the migration of the Forbidden City's cultural relics south, and publicly stated that he would stop the south move by force. Zhou Fei is a spare time, the director of the Antiquities Exhibition Office and the governor of Hunan Province. After the Forbidden City's determination of cultural relics southward, the opposition spoke in the society. As long as the cultural relics train started, someone would bury bombs along the railway and bombed the train. In this case, the Palace Museum changed the start time to load the car during the day, and then it was shipped after dark, but the car driver and the volleyball driver did not come to the scene as the plan. Later, Yi Peiji of the Palace Museum called Li Zongtong to state the original committee. Destroy one, one less, the death of the country, and the day of recovery; when the cultural dies, the cultural relics will never be remedied. In case of Pingjin's battlefield, is it too late to grab the luck, do we feel heartache? The voice of the ground shows that the government's determination to move southward, and the later facts also prove that the decision -making of the National Government is correct. At the same time, Song Da said that the mayor of Peiping, Zhou Dawen, and Zhou Dawen's bailiffs will capture Zhou Zhaoxiang secretly. On the evening of February 5, 1933, Peiping City was martial law. The 13491 box of cultural relics of the Palace Museum departs from Shenwumen Plaza, which is transported by dozens of boards to the train station. The army was escorted throughout the process. The military police were standing along the way. The car was driving on the familiar streets. There was no one over the street. Except for the rims of the car galloping, I couldn't hear a little sound, making people feel strange. These cultural relics are equipped with 18 cars, and more than a hundred passenger cars are accompanied by more than 100 people, monitor, monitor, gendarmerie, and Forbidden City guards.
    It 13491 boxes of the Palace Museum in the south, there are 6066 boxes collected by antiquities display, Tai Temple, Summer Palace, Guozijian and other places.
    On February 6, the first batch of cultural relics were equipped with two trains south. As soon as the task was accepted, the anonymous call came. Under such a large pressure, Wu said: "The minister is dead, he will fight the death, but the gentleman, how can you live, why is he afraid?" In mid -March, the Palace Museum began to move the second batch of boxes. By May, five batches were transported, and Naga Liang recorded five batches of shipping dates in the article "The Forbidden City's Cultural Relics to Nanjing".
    The first batch of February 6, 1933
    The 2 batch of March 15, 1933
    March 28, 1933
    The fourth batch of April 1933 19th
    The 5th batch of May 15, 1933
    The car dealers' routes transferred from the National Treasure transfer from Peiping West Station to the south along the Pinghan Line. Go to Xuzhou, and then along the Tsukura Line to Pukou. From the time of loading the cultural relics, it is very dangerous along the way. Although the south moves, all the train stations will be preferred. There are machine guns on the mouths of the train on the roof of the train. Protecting, there are horses in the car that are accompanied by the relay, sealed during the day, and escorted at night. The lights are off at the important pass. The staff and clothes are lying. Every stop, local officials sent personnel to say hello, but in the area of ​​Xuzhou, they were still intercepted by bandits. Fortunately, there were military guards that defeated the bandits. On February 6, the cultural relics were listed in Beijing, and Zhou Zhaoxiang was released 10 days later. On the 3rd day of the cultural relics, Zhang Ji, the executive director of the Palace Museum and the head of the Literature Museum, proposed an emergency proposal at the Nanjing Central Political Conference. Essence It is recommended to change to Luoyang and Xi'an. No one objected to this bill, so the cultural relics can only be relocated to Luoyang and Xi'an. The cultural relics ranked on the fourth day and stopped at the Shimonatsu Station of Nanjing. Wu Yan believes that it is not safe to change the place of storage of cultural relics. Zhang and Chu told Wu Qiang and Chiang Kai -shek to call, and advocated leaving the archives of the Literature Museum in Nanjing, and the rest of the shipping Shanghai. The middle of this batch of cultural relics has repeatedly controversials. Trains carrying cultural relics are parked on the rails of Pukou. The army guards it for a month. It was not decided until the discussion of the temporary Central Political Council was convened to Shanghai. The first batch of cultural relics in the South Transport did not arrive in Shanghai in late March, and stored it in the fifth floor warehouse of the former site of the former site of the Renji Hospital of God Hall of the French Concession. In the future, four batches were successively shipped, with a total of 13427 boxes and 64 packs. With the relocation of cultural relics in the Forbidden City, there were 60,66 boxes of cultural relics of antiques display, Taimiao, Summer Palace and Guozijian. Because of the original rental warehouse, it was later rented out of warehouse deposits in the British concession. All cultural relics have been stored in Shanghai for nearly 4 years. During this period, Nanjing was stepping up the construction of Chaotian Palace to store these national treasures. At the end of 1936, the expansion of the Chaotian Palace was completed, and the working group stayed in Nanjing to work. It was also planned to hold a exhibition. But the Anti -Japanese War broke out in July 1937. On July 29, the Japanese occupied Peiping, and Nanjing was also dangerous at this time. The National Government moved to Chongqing, upstream of the Yangtze River, and ordered the retreat. The cultural relics of the Forbidden City in Nanjing are transported to the rear. When the cultural relics south moved to the Nanjing Branch, the cultural relics faced a large transfer again. It is very difficult to migrate again. There are not only traffic problems, but also the Japanese army's bombing of migration. The safety of cultural relics is difficult to guarantee, and evacuation is like escape. There is no purpose and at a loss. At the same time, all the cultural relics of the transportation are impossible. After the dealership is divided into Nanjing as soon as possible, after reaching the destination, the war is over. Nan Road was transported to Guizhou via Changsha. The person in charge was Xu Senyu and Chief of the Heritage Museum of the Palace Museum. The middle road took the water road and arrived in Chongqing after entering the Hankou in Changjiang. The third road goes north to Baoji. The 80 boxes of ancient things departed from the first team were decided to transport the ship and truck to the Changsha Hunan University Library 1,000 kilometers away. However, because Changsha was bombed by the Japanese army, they soon received an order to be transported to Guizhou. With the continuous attack of the Japanese army, the original treasured land has become unsuccessful, and the final place of national treasure is constantly changing. As the Japanese army advanced, the middle road arrived in Chongqing from Hankou. In the spring of 1939, the Japanese aircraft bombed Chongqing, almost bombed these national treasures. The antiques boxes were loaded again, and 500 kilometers westward to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to Leshan. It is difficult to find the ship, and it takes nearly two months to unload the cultural relics from the original ship and put it on the other ships. As a result, it only arrived in Leshan in mid -September. More than 7,000 boxes on North Road are responsible for Wu Yuzhang and the other two. They managed to leave Nanjing a week before the Japanese army's shocking "Nanjing Massacre". After Xi'an, Baoji, Qinling, arriving in Hankou, to Mianyang, Chengdu, and finally reaching Emei.
    The national treasures that were evacuated in the Mainland on the south road, left Nanjing on August 14, shipped to Hankou, changed the train to Yuelu Mountain, Changsha, and switched to Hunan University Library. Soon after these 80 boxes of cultural relics were transported to Changsha, the Changsha Railway Station was bombed by the Japanese army. Xu Senyu and solemn in charge of the relocation of cultural relics on Nan Road were solemn. Everyone understood that Changsha was blown up, and Hunan University on the mountains of Yuelu Mountain could not be kept, and the cultural relics were in danger. So I asked for instructions urgently, and promised to take Guiyang as the destination above. One night in December 1937, 80 hometown of precious cultural relics stored in the basement of Hunan University was installed with more than 20 large trucks from Hunan Highway Bureau. Under the cover of the dark night, they quietly followed one to the southwest of the southwest. In the direction of mountain roads, the long fleet walked between the mountains of the western Hunan, and Xiaoxing night stayed. In strange mountain forests, not only should we beware of bandits hidden between mountains, but also to beware of the fierce beasts hidden between Lin Mang. In the middle of the night, the team that transported the cultural relics found that there were 2 bright lamps in the depths of the dense forest. At first, I thought it was a car light from the distance from the distance. When the gradually approached, the color was shocked. In the middle of the night, it was extremely scary. At the beginning, the soldiers escorted were scared at a loss, and they finally settled in God. Holding the belief of either a tiger or death, he pulled out his pistol to shoot towards the tiger. Although the gun was dense, it couldn't touch the tiger's body. In a hurry, a soldier took out a grenade and threw it to the tiger. In a strong smoke, the tiger was killed, and the people who escorted the cultural relics were worried and couldn't help but sigh. After walking for less than a week, Hunan University was blown up, and the library of the original cultural relic box had been flattened. The Japanese army also lost a bomb near Aiwang Pavilion, scanned innocent civilians with machine guns, and died many people. When the cultural relics were transported to the Xianggui border, followed by the vehicle from the Guangxi Provincial Highway Bureau to the border of the Guizhou and Guizhou, and then the vehicle from the Guizhou Provincial Highway Bureau to Guiyang was temporarily stored in the Chiang Kai -shek camp of Liu Guangmen. Arriving at Guiyang this day coincides with the lunar New Year's Eve in 1938. Subsequently, Guiyang was also threatened by the Japanese aircraft bombardment. For the safety of cultural relics, Xu Senyu, solemn and others were ordered to find a place for cultural relics. Zhang Daofan, the Kuomintang's key member of the Guizhou nationality, suggested that, after many inspections, he believed that Huayan, which was open, dry, and easy to guard in the suburbs of Anshun, and could become the ideal storage of these cultural relics. In the early autumn of 1938, Guiyang happened to be the season when Yin Duoqing and the rain were filled with rain and fog. In addition, the war was flying, and the soldiers were missing. For a while, they could not find vehicles and loading and unloading workers who could drive to the mountains. When the flood was climbed towards the top of the mountain along the rugged mountain road, the rugged mountain road coincided with a stream of mountain floods running down from the peaks and mountains, and it seemed to flood the entire team. Fortunately, the floods are not smashed on the truck, otherwise it must be destroyed by the car, and it seems that the power of the gods is blessing our country. The car enters near the Huangguoshu Waterfall in Zhenning and Guoling, and the danger is generated again. This place is a typical Karst rock -soluble area. There is almost no way along the twists and turns. The car was moved down, and then the bamboo raft was modified. In that way, the cultural relics could run, but they must be walking in the water for a day. On the way, the dark river collapsed again, and there was a huge waterfall in the upstream. There is a surging river in front, and the underwater is hidden under the water, which is dangerous. Fortunately, please go to the villagers of the Buyi and Miao people in advance. They are masters of driving bamboo rafts, and they are well versed in water. It took a whole month to finally arrive safely. In these 80 boxes, Fan Kuan's famous paintings "Famous Shan Travel", Li Tang's "Wan Yansong Feng Tu", Wu Daozhi's "Zhong Rong Battle Ghost Picture", Zhang Xuanduan's "Qingming Shanghe Tu", and the works of Ma Yuan in the Southern Song Dynasty, Mi Yan's calligraphy works and the eight monsters left by Yangzhou in the Qing Dynasty.
    In months of relocation, all the cultural relics were finally stored in the Huayan Cave outside the south gate of Anshun County west of Guiyang. At the same time, the Palace Museum was established in the Anshun Office, and Zhuang Shangyan was the director. Soon after these cultural relics were shipped to Anshun, on February 4, 1939, 18 aircraft of the Japanese army bombarded Guiyang, casting hundreds of bombs in the city, hundreds of burning bombs, 1326 fried and burning civilian houses, and the number of deaths and injuries injuries and injuries. Thousands of people, the fire in major areas, burned the fire for one day and one night, and there were more than 100 firefighters who dedicated themselves to the fire. This batch of cultural relics escaped.
    In early 1938 to the end of 1944, these precious cultural relics have been preserved in Guizhou for nearly 7 years, of which in Guiyang for nearly 1 year and Anshun Huayan for nearly 6 years. Xu Senyu and solemn cultural relic scholars and family members were in a difficulty of remote places in Guizhou, and faced the exit -out life in order to protect cultural relics. It is worth mentioning that Zhuang Ling, the son of Mr. Zhuang, was born in Guiyang in 1938. He went to Anshun in early 1939 with his parents until he arrived in Chongqing with cultural relics in 1944. In this period of life, I left a deep memory: "I lived with my parents and three brothers in an old house in the East Gate of Anshun. It was also where the Palace Museum was in Anshun Office at the time. With his father to Huayan Cave, there was a company of soldiers stationed and defended. When Tianqing, his father and colleagues also took out some cultural relics from the cave and the box to dry. " The grade cultural relic calligraphy and painting, including Tang Yin's "Songs of the Mountain Road", Ma Hezhi's "Sales", etc. These cultural relic calligraphy and paintings have now become the "Treasure of the Town Academy" of the Taipei Palace Museum. On July 18, 1939, the cultural relics hidden in Hua Yandong were selected to go to the Soviet Union to participate in the Moscow's "Chinese Art Exhibition". The exhibition opened on January 2, 1940, and later exhibited in Leninrad in March 1941, and returned to Chongqing on September 8, 1942.
    In April 1944, with the chairman of Guizhou Province Wu Dingchang and the President of the Palace Museum, Ma Heng decided to organize the "Peiping Palace Museum in Calligraphy and Calligraphy Exhibition" at the Lili Art Museum of Guiyang Province (now Science Road). Director Chen Heng'an, Guizhou Provincial Museum of Art and Director Anshun Office of the Palace Museum. A total of 192 paintings and calligraphy exhibited this exhibition. Among them, French books such as Wang Xizhi's three posts, Li Longji praised, Su Shi, Mi Yan, Cai Xiang's book, Huang Tingjian Songfeng Pavilion poems; famous paintings "Fan Ji Ran's landscape, Xu Huang's flowers and birds, Yingqiu of the Northern Song Dynasty, Heyang, Heyang, Longmian, Midian, Li, Liu, Ma, Xia, and Yuanzhizhi's waves after the south, and the six people of the post of Huang, Wang, Ni, Wu, Ming, Shen, Qiu, Tang, Qing Dynasty, and the People in various generations of paintings have been on the Internet. Although they are not ready, they must be concrete and slightly. " , Song Huizong's Plum Mountain Poultry Map, Li Song listened to Ruan Tu, Xia Guishan's residence guest map, Liang Kai spilled ink fairy map, Ma Yuanxue Jingtu, Huanggong Wangyuya Xianxian map, etc., are all treasures in the national treasure, such as If the cultural relics move south, the Guizhou people have no chance to watch these treasures. Cultural relics were exhibited in Guiyang for several months, causing a sensation in Guizhou.
    On November 21, 1944, the Japanese army invaded along Guizhou and Gui Road. On the 28th, it entered Dushan, Guizhou, and killed people all the way to fire, causing the "Guizhou Incident" that threatened Guiyang and Chongqing. At this time, the cultural relics stored in Anshun Huayong were ordered to move urgently. On the day, 80 boxes of cultural relics were installed into the military committee within three hours of the military committee. It was night at night, and it was snowing in the sky. Military vehicles use alcohol as fuel. Sichuan -Guizhou Highway potholes are pushing and bumpy all the way. The 6 -year -old Zhuang Ling still remembers the military vehicle number "Army 24069" at the young mind. Finally, this batch of cultural relics was transferred to the temporary warehouse of Feixianyan in Baban (now Banan District, Chongqing), Sichuan, until the victory of the Anti -Japanese War. In January 1946, 80 cultural relics were relocated to Chongqing Xiangjiapo. In 1947, they were transported to Nanjing with landing ships. Other middle and North Road cultural relics were also shipped back to Nanjing and stored in Chaotian Palace. After the Battle of Xuzhou in 1948, Nanjing was threatened. Chiang Kai -shek planned to establish a final foothold in Taiwan. In November 1948, he decided to transport the National Treasures of the Forbidden City and Nanjing Central Museum, National Central Library, and Central Research Institute to Taiwan. At that time, only two warships and one commercial ship could be transported, so only 2,972 boxes were selected from nearly 20,000 boxes of cultural relics, most of which were the essence of the Qing Dynasty collection, including the famous paintings and calligraphy of previous generations, all the books in the Qing Dynasty, and the most exquisitely exquisite collection of the Qing Palace, and the most exquisite exquisite exquisitely. Song porcelain. The total number is only about one -sixth of the National Treasures of the Forbidden City, and the rest stays in Nanjing. Later, the Taipei "Palace Museum" was established on the basis of these cultural relics. After liberation, the Forbidden City's cultural relics in Nanjing began to return north one after another, and more than 10,000 boxes of cultural relics returned to the Forbidden City. Later, due to the "Cultural Revolution" reasons, the work of returning to the north of the cultural relics was temporarily put on hold, and more than 2,000 boxes of porcelain still stayed at the Nanjing Museum.
    In 2004, Mr. Zhuang Ling, 66, came to Guizhou from Taiwan to find the history of cultural relics that are closely linked to the fate of the country. , I can't help but tears, and I feel sorry. During the period of Mr. Zhuang Ling, he visited Dai Mingxian, a famous scholar of Guizhou. After returning to Taiwan, he sent the solemn Centennial Memorial Collection "The Forbidden City. Calligraphy. The Strongest". After many years of Mr. Mastest, the solemn old man asked someone to write "Huayandong Reading the Mountain Map", and solicited a number of poets' inscriptions, expressing the deep nostalgia of the life of cultural relics south and the show of Anshun Peak and Water.

    Note: Repost from the Guiyang CPPCC Information Network. Author: Cultural History Office

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