Where is the emerald gemstone in Changsha? I have a grandmother's emerald. My friend said it was brought back from Brazil. I don’t understand it myself.
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Emerald is one of the precious gems in the international jewelry industry. Because of its unique green and unique charm, and magical legends, it is favored by Westerners. Emerald is a gem -grade green green pillar. Its green to reach a medium and strong green tone, that is, the concentration of color must be saturated. Light green is usually called green green pillars.
1. The difficulty of emerald identification
The appraisal of emerald is a difficult job. The reason why this is because it can simulate the growth conditions of natural emerald under the laboratory conditions, which can be synthesized almost possible. The chaotic water and fever emerald. In addition, in Australia, a inferior emerald has been artificially improved by the laboratory to make it a higher -grade emerald. This is the refined emerald. Is this emerald belonging to natural or synthesis, and it is still the word.
The components of emeralds are be3AL2 [SI6O18], which are silicate minerals of aluminum aluminum. Its green is usually caused by chromium or 钒 elements. The CR2O3 content changes between 0.15%-0.6%. , Hardness is 7.5-8, which is brittle. Except for hydrofluoric acid, there is no response to other acids. Emeralds in different places in the world often have some small changes in physical and optical properties.
The other natural gems similar to emeralds include emeralds, emeranetes, tourmaline, fluorite and green vermiculite. In many cases, it is necessary to strictly distinguish these gemstones need to use small identification instruments such as folding instruments and polarizers, and distinguish them according to their different characteristics (Table 2-8); from the perspective of experience, emerald often has the fiber spots structure structure. ; The proportion of the kioscope is large, and there are "ponytails" parcels; fluorite has low hardness and large gravity; vermiculite is strong and obvious. These features can be used as a reference for the naked eye observation and identification.
The synthetic gemstones similar to emeralds include synthetic emeralds, YAG (钇 aluminum fields), green glass and other types. Among them, the distinction between natural emeralds and YGA and glass can be performed according to the following two points: 1. Natural emeralds will have flaws and cracks. This is similar to ruby. Black mineral parcels and other impurities; most of the synthetic products are clean, or there are a small amount of bubbles.
2, emerald can be visible.
Observed from different directions, the gem is emerald -blue -green or yellow -green, while both glass and yag have only one color. The difference between natural emeralds and synthetic emeralds needs to be performed in the laboratory. The characteristics are as follows:
(1) The discount rate of natural emeralds is generally between 1.57-1. Green often has a low discount rate, generally less than 1.57, but there are exceptions.
(2) The proportion of natural emeralds is larger, generally greater than 2.7, and the proportion of emeralds synthesized by the melting method is only about 2.65-2.66. However, it should be noted that the emeralds synthesized by water also have a higher proportion.
(3) Natural emeralds will have defects and three -phase parcels. Patriotic -shaped, columnar, granular crystal minerals and other emeralds are often clean. , "Window -screen", the parcels of emeralds synthesized by the melting method are bread shaped. Natural and synthetic emerald parcel characteristics are different.
(4) Natural emeralds respond slowly or dark red in ultraviolet lines, while synthetic emeralds often make strong red fluorescence. This test should generally be compared with standard samples.
, there are often exceptions in the identification. Most people can not be accurate by the naked eye, or even 10 times the large mirror, especially the development of modern science and technology to make the qualified products closer to natural products, such as the synthesis of the water and thermal composition of emeralds. There can be some "crystals" similar to the corners of natural parcels. Therefore, when buying high -end emeralds, customers should not only feel the feeling of the merchants at the same time. The conclusion of the appraisal is not good to write "emerald". It must be stated that "natural emerald" must be stated.
3. The appraisal of emeralds must also be paid attention to distinguish between lames, foil lining and oil stones.
(1) The identification of the mezzanine can refer to the part of the ruby mezzanine.
(2) Line foil emerald mainly appears in some bottoms of the bottom of the bottom of the jewelry at the bottom, because a layer of green foil is added to the bottom of the gem. Deep and grade improvement. Therefore, all jewelry inlaid at the bottom must be careful.
(3) Oil into the most commonly used method for emerald treatment. Because of the emerald crispy, there are often crack flaws. Injecting some oil into the cracks, the crack is not so obvious.
The emeralds often use the cypress tree oil (the discount rate is 1.575) and Canada gum (the discount rate is 1.52). To detect whether the gem is treated with oil, you can use a 10x large mirror to carefully observe some surface cracks. The observation angle is different. Barbecue "(be careful not to be too hot)! Enter the oil
Themian emerald
The gems of the gem will be "dirty". To. When testing whether it is in the oil, it is more important to pay attention to whether it is colored at the same time. If the color is found to be distributed along some cracks, it means that it is abnormal.
4, the key to the identification
The natural emerald has flaws or bodies. It is best to have an appraisal of "Natural" to buy expensive products.
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